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Demography and Social Inequality

The research cluster “Demography and Social Inequality” is aimed at conducting rigorous and relevant research on demographic change and its interrelationship with social inequalities. The latter aspect is of particular importance, because demographic change has been fueled by social change (and vice versa) and the underlying social processes are characterized by a clear social gradient. For example, research has shown that (a) wealth is positively associated with health and longevity, (b) socio-economic status affects both the timing and quantum of fertility, and (c) education is an important factor in determining individuals’ propensity to migrate as well as their chances for a successful integration into the host society.

The causal relationship between demographic behavior and socioeconomic status (social inequalities, respectively), however, is complex and often bi-directional: Wealth is likely to impact individuals’ health, but health is also likely to impact individuals’ capacity to accumulate wealth. High socioeconomic status offers the resources to bear the costs of children, but – at the same time – opportunity costs of childrearing are high for the highest qualified.

Recent years brought about significant improvements in our – theoretical and empirical – understanding of the causal mechanisms underlying demographic outcomes/processes and social inequalities as described above. Another important aspect we still know relatively little about, though, relates to the coping strategies of actors facing the demographic challenges lying just ahead of us. More generally phrased – and following a general model of sociological explanation – we might thus ask:

  • How do actors at different levels of aggregation (macro-, meso-, and micro-level) adapt their behaviors to fundamentally changing (social, economic, demographic) environments, coping with new challenges and opportunities?
  • How might behavioral changes at the micro-level result in structural changes at higher levels of aggregation? And how are such behavioral changes related to social inequalities (both as a determinant and as a consequence)?

These questions relate all three demographic processes – fertility, migration, and mortality – and various dimensions of social inequality – education, income, social participation, etc. – alike. Answering them requires competence in several substantive fields as well as broad methodological expertise and knowledge of a variety of theoretical approaches to human behavior. The research initiative clusters the individual competences of its members, thereby offering the broad expertise necessary to advance our knowledge in the field of “Demography and Social Inequality”.

The research initiative is in the unique position that its members are involved in a number of long-term data collection enterprises (pairfam, CILS4EU, NRW Survey of Oldest-Old) providing the research community with high-quality research infrastructures. This involvement not only allows us to collect ‘tailor-made’ data needed for our own projects, but also poses us in a position as an attractive partner for external collaborations.

Researchers

While the professors at the ISS form the core of the research initiative, the research cluster includes other associated researchers from the Faculty of Management, Economics and Social Sciences and other Faculties of the University of Cologne.

Selected publications

Differences in health literacy domains among migrants and their descendants in Germany

E. Berens, J. Klinger, S. Carol, D. Schaeffer (2022). Frontiers in Public Health.

Voting Behaviour and Health Among the Oldest-old in Germany: Results from a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Wenner, Judith and Michael Wagner (2022). Journal of Population Ageing.

Young people’s job-search strategies in the German apprenticeship market: Who relies on referrals by strong ties and why?

Flohr, Matthias and Paula Protsch (2022). Acta Sociologica.

Vignette Analysis: Methodology and Recent Developments.

Verneuer-Emre, Lena M., Stefanie Eifler, and Hermann Dülmer (Eds., 2022). Methods, Data, Analyses 16(2).

Vaccination against COVID-19 reduces virus-related fears. Findings from a German longitudinal study

Seddig, D., D. Maskileyson and E. Davidov (2022). Frontiers in Public Health.

Effect of Commitment on Supportive Dyadic Coping: A Longitudinal Test of Interdependence Theory With German Couples.

Kuppler, Matthias and Michael Wagner (2022). Journal of Family Issues.

Analytic Criminology: Mechanisms and Methods in the Explanation of Crime and its Causes.

Wikström, Per-Olof H. and Clemens Kroneberg (2022). Annual Review of Criminology 5: 179-20.

Using police data to measure criminogenic exposure in residential and school contexts: experiences from a data linkage project in Germany.

Kroneberg, Clemens, Sven Lenkewitz, André Ernst, Maike Meyer, and Kai Seidensticker (2022). Police Practice and…

Correlates of COVID-19 vaccination intentions: Attitudes, institutional trust, fear, conspiracy beliefs, and vaccine skepticism

Seddig, D., Maskileyson, D., Davidov., E., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2022). Social Science & Medicine.

Why measurement invariance is important in comparative research. A response to Welzel et al.

Meuleman, B., T. Żółtak, A. Pokropek, E. Davidov, B. Muthén, D. Oberski, J. Billiet and Peter Schmidt (2021) (2022).…