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Demography and Social Inequality

The research cluster “Demography and Social Inequality” is aimed at conducting rigorous and relevant research on demographic change and its interrelationship with social inequalities. The latter aspect is of particular importance, because demographic change has been fueled by social change (and vice versa) and the underlying social processes are characterized by a clear social gradient. For example, research has shown that (a) wealth is positively associated with health and longevity, (b) socio-economic status affects both the timing and quantum of fertility, and (c) education is an important factor in determining individuals’ propensity to migrate as well as their chances for a successful integration into the host society.

The causal relationship between demographic behavior and socioeconomic status (social inequalities, respectively), however, is complex and often bi-directional: Wealth is likely to impact individuals’ health, but health is also likely to impact individuals’ capacity to accumulate wealth. High socioeconomic status offers the resources to bear the costs of children, but – at the same time – opportunity costs of childrearing are high for the highest qualified.

Recent years brought about significant improvements in our – theoretical and empirical – understanding of the causal mechanisms underlying demographic outcomes/processes and social inequalities as described above. Another important aspect we still know relatively little about, though, relates to the coping strategies of actors facing the demographic challenges lying just ahead of us. More generally phrased – and following a general model of sociological explanation – we might thus ask:

  • How do actors at different levels of aggregation (macro-, meso-, and micro-level) adapt their behaviors to fundamentally changing (social, economic, demographic) environments, coping with new challenges and opportunities?
  • How might behavioral changes at the micro-level result in structural changes at higher levels of aggregation? And how are such behavioral changes related to social inequalities (both as a determinant and as a consequence)?

These questions relate all three demographic processes – fertility, migration, and mortality – and various dimensions of social inequality – education, income, social participation, etc. – alike. Answering them requires competence in several substantive fields as well as broad methodological expertise and knowledge of a variety of theoretical approaches to human behavior. The research initiative clusters the individual competences of its members, thereby offering the broad expertise necessary to advance our knowledge in the field of “Demography and Social Inequality”.

The research initiative is in the unique position that its members are involved in a number of long-term data collection enterprises (pairfam, CILS4EU, NRW Survey of Oldest-Old) providing the research community with high-quality research infrastructures. This involvement not only allows us to collect ‘tailor-made’ data needed for our own projects, but also poses us in a position as an attractive partner for external collaborations.

Researchers

While the professors at the ISS form the core of the research initiative, the research cluster includes other associated researchers from the Faculty of Management, Economics and Social Sciences and other Faculties of the University of Cologne.

Selected publications

Behavioral signatures of values in everyday behavior in retrospective and real-time self-reports.

Skimina, E., J. Cieciuch, S.H. Schwartz, E. Davidov and R. Algesheimer (2019). Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 281.

Testing the circular structure and importance hierarchy of value states in real-time behaviors.

Skimina, E., J. Cieciuch, S.H. Schwartz, E. Davidov and R. Algesheimer (2018). Journal of Research in Personality, 74,…

Vom „Stasi-Knast“ in den „goldenen Westen“? Ost-West-Binnenmigration ehemaliger politischer Häftlinge der DDR.

Gürtzgen, N. Hank, K. (2018). Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie.

Alternsforschung. Handbuch für Wissenschaft und Praxis.

Hank, K., Schulz-Nieswandt, F., Wagner, M., Zank, S. (Hrsg.) (2019). Nomos, Baden-Baden.

Work stress among older employees in Germany: Effects on health and retirement age.

Mäcken, J. (2019). PLOS ONE, avaliable online 04 February 2019.

The transition from living apart together to a coresidential partnership.

Wagner, M., Mulder, C.H. , Weiß, B. and S. Krapf (2019). Advances in Life Course Research, available online 2 January…

Inequality of Educational Opportunity in East and West Germany: Convergence or Continued Differences?

Klein Markus, Katherin Barg and Michael Kühhirt (2019) in Sociological Science

Running out of time? Understanding the consequences of the biological clock for the dynamics of fertility intentions and union formation.

Wagner, M., Huinink, J., and A.C. Liefbroer (2019). Demographic Research, available online 10 January 2019.

The Impact of Modernisation and Culture on Morality and Moral Change in Europe: From Universalism to Contextualism

Dülmer, H. (2018). The Aoyama Journal of Global Studies and Collaboration, 3, 81-107.

Immigration, social trust, and the moderating role of value contexts

Ziller, C., Wright, M., and Hewstone, M. (2018). Social Science Research, available online 10 December 2018.